HONG KONG — As Hong Kong commemorates 28 years since its handover from Britain, Chief Executive John Lee said the city is now safer and more competitive, crediting recent security laws for restoring order.

July 1 was once marked by large-scale pro-democracy protests, but such dissent has dwindled after the 2019 unrest and the 2020 national security law imposed by Beijing. A local security law passed in 2024 further tightened control.

Lee defended the laws, stating they are vital for stability and economic integration with China. “We have rebuilt a safe Hong Kong,” he said.

However, critics like the European Union condemned the "repressive" use of the laws, saying they undermine rule of law and damage Hong Kong’s international standing. Two opposition parties, including the League of Social Democrats, have disbanded this year citing intense political pressure.

The U.S. consul general also criticised the targeting of overseas activists. Authorities insist freedoms remain under the Basic Law, but acknowledge they are not absolute.

Meanwhile, Hong Kong plans to accelerate its controversial Northern Metropolis development near the China border, raising environmental and financial concerns.